Failure on the skill roll --
Depends on how badly he failed, I would say. Failure by just a few points would most likely leave the spell still active, and he just wasted the PP.
Failure by a whole lot (i.e. more than 25), and bye-bye spell. Failure by more than 50, and hello spell failure roll.... and so forth....
Not to mention, his initial casting roll needs to have been good enough to have succeeded with the scaling option for a basic successful skill roll to adjust the spell.
Plus you can do the reverse of the failure as well....
Succeed in the skill roll by more than 25 and yes you implemented the scaling option even if its inclusion in the original casting roll wasn't good enough to support it.
Succeed by more than 50, and it is as above, and the scaling option does not cost you double PP, but only normal PP + 1 (i.e. if you were upping it by a scaling option that cost 4 PP, you would normally have to expend 8 PP in doing this. With success of this magnitude, it only costs 5 PP (4 + 1).)
And don't forget the skill roll for implementing a scaling option AFTER casting should most likely be Very Hard (or perhaps Extremely Hard, if implementing the bonuses for success I just described).