Or you can handle it like weapon breakage; assign specific spells (spell lists, more likely) numbers like breakage numbers (1-X) and if the spellcaster rolls a double within that range something unusual happens. It doesn't have to be bad, just unexpected - a chart all sorts of weird things should be made to roll on. I would increase the "Arcane Breakage" number if a spellcaster was casting a spell hurredly or just at a negative for whatever reason (like injury, fatigue, etc...).
For Example: Repel Entity Sphere (20th level on the Arcane Temple spell lists), could have a AB# of 1-5 normally. But the caster is injured and at -20 to all actions, which translates to a +1 to the AB#, for a total of 1-6. So, if they roll any one of the following numbers: 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, or 66, they get an Arcane Surge Event.
I would make the chart like a critical chart with the least problematic events low, so that modifiers can be issued for different reasons, such as failing the spell which could be a +10 or +20 on the table. If you have it go to 150 or even 200, it can have lots and lots of strange stuff, from the caster's skin/hair/eyes/whatever changing color to the spell turning into a totally different spell (randomly determined, even the school so it can be a channelling, essence, mentalism, or another arcane spell).
With this, you have a new way of doing arcane magic, but don't have to learn a new system/method.