1) Is there a magic item or metal that adds OB for directed spells and/or elemental "ball" spells?
I see no problem creating one with the alchemy
General spell (not the
weapon one), so you could add 5, 10, 15 to bolts, or 2, 4, 6, etc to balls with no problem IMO.
3) On Spell's looks:
a) Do all shield spells have the same look, except for a different color? [I think the color is tied to the realm]
b) Can a spell that has been visually altered with Spell Artistry be learned as the base casting form of the spell?
a) I think you can only see the "color" using "power perception" skill, if not it will have neutral color (white, gray, the one you want to use).
b) I think not.
4) How would you make a light source that only provided light for night sight or dark sight?
I think there is one for that in mentalism, a tenuous light that only allows to see if you have night vision. You could insert it in essence and channeling light spell lists too, or allow to use the
Light spells in that way directly, I think a greater effect could be always be used to simulate lesser effects.