I know that may be more confusing, but I still think Attack Roll is best. Damage comes about from the Attack Roll. Then it is followed by a Critical Damage Roll if the Attack Roll was high enough.
IMHO, I would find the second more confusing than the other.
1) Attack Roll followed by a possible Critical Damage Roll
I prefer this since it implies the possibility of hitting, and if hit, possibility of causing additional critical damage.
2) Damage Roll followed by a possible Critical Damage Roll.
This implies you have already hit and are rolling for damage, with possibility of causing critical damage.
Does that make sense?
When I was first learning role playing way back in 1974 with the Basic D&D Boxed Set,
I was never confused about "Attack Roll." And I was a kid at that time and had no one else to teach me.
If newbies find "Attack Roll" confusing, then perhaps that person is better off not role playing?
JMHO (Just My Humble Opinion)
rmfr