Staff Sling = Combination of quarterstaff and sling -- use stats for both, depending upon how you are using it.
Tiger Claws -- they were included because they were intended to be used with a MA Style (see page 40), not as a stand-alone weapon. If you wanted to learn how to use them outside of a MA Style, you would have to learn to do so as a MA Strike type of attack, but doing damage as listed on page 62 as using this weapon would not be done in the same manner as using a short blade (note: learned this way, the weapon cannot be used with Chi Defense as the style says because this is NOT the style.).
Hope that helps...