Well, since it's flat factors of ten, we could do the same to the length of a round and assume the wasted shots are simply ignored and the existing range penalties take that into account.
In the book the penalties are uniform for all weapons so I'm thinking varying the weapon ranges will be necessary.
What about:
MK# x WF x 10^B = Range
Where:
WF = 1 for projectiles and blasters, 2 for lasers, and 0.5 for ion and plasma weapons
B = 1 at Point Blank Range, 2 at Short Range, 3 at Medium Range, 4 at Long Range, and 5 at Extreme Range
This would give a MK 10 Blaster:
Point Blank < 100 m
Short < 1000 m
Medium < 10 000 m
Long < 100 000m
Extreme < 1 000 000 m
By way of comparison a MK 30 Laser would have:
Point Blank < 600 m
Short < 6000 m
Medium < 60 000 m
Long < 600 000m
Extreme < 6 000 000 m
In atmosphere I'd probably reduce the ranges to reflect atmospheric difusion and gravitation but I don't have a definative notion at the moment, possibly just divide by a factor of ten.
A related side issue would be weapons over mk 50, I'd like to suggest a maximum bonus of +100 from the mk# and giving damage multipliers for higher values.